Total protein, agglutinin, total free amino acid and proline contents in the hemolymph of Penaeus indicus collected from a mud bank along the coast of Kerala, were estimated quantitatively and compared with the samples collected from non-mud bank area at the same time. Total protein, agglutinin, total free amino acid and proline contents were found significantly higher (P<0.001) compared to non-mud bank sample. Changes in the biochemical parameters of the hemolymph in this prawn from mud bank area reflect specialisation and adaptation to cope with the changing stressful environment. The concentration of agglutinin or proline can be used as an index for monitoring health condition of prawns experiencing environmental stress pollution, disease or toxicity etc.