Detailed histological studies of the gonads of Etroplus suratensis (Bloch) collected from the brackish water areas of Poothotta near Cochin during May 83 - April 84 have shown that the peak breeding season of the species is in December and January. A secondary peak is also noticed in June and July. During peak growth phases of the gonads, the gonadotrophs of the pituitary are found to be active and prominent denoting a close relationship between the activity of these cells and the maturation of the gonads of the species. The gonadotrophs are seen less prominent and inactive during non-breeding months. The details of the maturity stages of the male and the female have also been described.